Compact Online Reference Encyclopedia (CORE)

Looking for information on a specific topic, training, rule, or process? Through one search here, you can find the information you need from ICAOS’ white papers, advisory opinions, bylaws, policies, Hearing Officer's Guide, training modules, rules, helpdesk articles and the bench book. All results are cross-referenced with links to make navigation easy and intuitive.

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Bench Book - 1.9 Recommended Sources of Compact Law and Information
For additional information on interstate Compact law and interstate Compacts generally, see MICHAEL L. BUENGER, JEFFREY B. LITWAK, MICHAEL H. MCCABE & RICHARD L. MASTERS,, THE EVOLVING LAW AND USE OF INTERSTATE COMPACTS 2d ed. (ABA Publ’g 2016) and…
Bench Book - 4.7.1 General Considerations
Offenders, including those subject to supervision under the ICAOS, have limited rights. Conditional release is a privilege not guaranteed by the Constitution; it is an act of grace, a matter of pure discretion on the part of sentencing or corrections…
Bench Book - 4.8 Bail Pending Return
An offender subject to retaking proceedings has no right to bail. Rule 5.111 specifically prohibits any court or paroling authority in any state to admit an offender to bail pending completion of the retaking process, individual state law to the contrary…
Emergency Guidelines 01-2020
I. Authorization Article I of the ICAOS BYLAWS provides that, the Commission “is established to fulfill the objectives of the Compact” through “the promulgation of binding rules and operating procedures” governing “oversight and coordination of offender…
Bench Book - 2.10 Key Definitions in the ICAOS (Art II)
The following definitions should be of particular interest to judicial authorities: Adult – means both individuals legally classified as adults and juveniles treated as adults by court order, statute, or operation of law. Compact Administrator – means the…
Advisory Opinion 5-2012
Whether Rule 5.108 permits the use of 2-way closed circuit video for conducting probable cause
Advisory Opinion 1-2008
Clarification regarding sex offenders living in the receiving state at the time of sentencing and imposing/enforcing special conditions
On-Demand - ICAOS 403 Agency-Parole Board Training
This on-demand training module gives an overview of ICAOS rules intended for Parole Board Members.
Advisory Opinion 3-2007
Whether receiving states can denying reporting instructions based on an invalid plan of supervision
Rule 2.102 - Data collection and reporting [Expired; See history]
(a) As required by the compact, and as specified by the operational procedures and forms approved by the commission, the states shall gather, maintain and report data regarding the transfer and supervision of offenders supervised under this compact. (b)…
Bench Book - 4.6 Arrest of Absconders
Upon receipt of a violation report for an absconding offender, a sending state must issue a national arrest warrant on notification that the offender has absconded. If the absconding offender is apprehended in the receiving state, the sending state shall…
Bench Book - 4.7.3 Specific Considerations for Probable Cause Hearings under ICAOS
The ICAOS recognizes that the transfer of supervision (and hence the relocation of an offender) is a matter of privilege subject to the absolute discretion of the sending state and, to a more limited extent, the discretion of the receiving state. Courts…
Bench Book - 1.1 Who Must Comply with an Interstate Compact?
Interstate Compacts are binding on signatory states, meaning once a state legislature adopts a Compact, it binds all agencies, state officials and citizens to the terms of that Compact. Since the very first Compact case, the U.S. Supreme Court has…
Bench Book - 5.1 Introduction
With thousands of offenders under supervision under the Interstate Compact for Adult Offender Supervision (ICAOS, or the Compact), lawsuits against the judicial officials, correctional officials, and others who administer the Compact are inevitable. This…
Hearing Officer's Guide - V. Waiver of Hearing
Rule 5.108 provides that an offender subject to retaking can waive a probable cause hearing. No waiver is to be accepted unless the offender admits to one or more violations that are subject to revocation of supervision. The critical elements of such a…
Rule 2.103 - Dues formula
(a) The commission shall determine the formula to be used in calculating the annual assessments to be paid by states. Public notice of any proposed revision to the approved dues formula shall be given at least 30 calendar days prior to the Commission…
Chapter 2: General Provisions
Rules governing the general provisions of the Interstate Commission for Adult Offender Supervision
Bench Book - 5.2.1.3 No Supervisor Liability under Section 1983
In general, Section 1983 liability will not be predicated solely on a theory of respondeat superior. For example, a chief probation officer or other supervisor or manager will not automatically be deemed vicariously liable simply because he or she sits…
Bench Book - 3.5.3 Victims' Rights
    The ICAOS specifically creates distinct rights for victims of crime and certain obligations on courts and supervising authorities with respect to those rights. While the Compact statute itself is general on the rights, the commission’s rules spell out…
Hearing Officer's Guide - II. Basic Considerations of a Due Process Retaking Hearing
Where a probable cause hearing is required, the following are elements of due process that are applicable in all circumstances: The hearing must be conducted by a neutral and independent person and reasonably close in time and place to the alleged…
Chapter 6: Dispute Resolution and Interpretation of Rules
Rules governing dispute resolution and interpretation of rules under the compact of the Interstate Commission for Adult Offender Supervision
On-Demand - ICAOS 402 Agency-Jail Administrator Training
This on-demand training module gives an overview of the Interstate Compact for Adult Offender Supervision intended for Jail Administrators.
On-Demand - ICAOS/ICOTS 303 Progress Report
This on-demand training module illustrates the progress reporting process for offenders supervised in a receiving state as required by ICAOS Rule 4.106. Completion time is approximately 15 minutes. 
Rule 5.101-1 - Pending felony or violent crime charges
Notwithstanding any other rule, if an offender is charged with a subsequent felony or violent crime, the offender shall not be retaken or ordered to return until criminal charges have been dismissed, sentence has been satisfied, or the offender has been…
Dues Assessment and Enforcement 05-2004
I. Authority The Executive Committee is vested with the power to act on behalf of the Interstate Commission during periods when the Interstate Commission is not in session. The Executive Committee oversees the day to day activities managed by the…
Bench Book - 2.4 Historical Development of the ICAOS
The ICAOS was written to address problems and complaints with the ICPP. Chief among the problems and complaints were: Lack of state compliance with the terms and conditions of the ICPP; Enforceability of its rules given there was no enforcement mechanism…
On-Demand - ICAOS/ICOTS 304 Reporting Violations Requiring Retaking
This on-demand training module illustrates the violation reporting process for offenders supervised in a receiving state and how this process impacts the sending state's obligation to retake an offender. Completion time is approximately 20 minutes.
Bench Book - 5.3.4 Judicial Immunity
Judges have absolute immunity from liability as long as they are performing a judicial act and there is not a clear absence of all jurisdiction. Stump v. Sparkman, 435 U.S. 349 (1978). A judge is not deprived of absolute immunity from liability for…
Rule 2.111 - Emergency suspension of enforcement
(a) Upon a declaration of a national emergency by the President of the United States and/or the declaration of emergency by one or more Governors of the compact member states in response to a crisis, the Commission may, by majority vote, authorize the…
Rule 5.106 - Cost of incarceration in receiving state
A receiving state shall be responsible for the cost of detaining the offender in the receiving state pending the offender’s retaking by the sending state. History: Adopted November 4, 2003, effective August 1, 2004.
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